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You rarely run into people you know in London. I ran into an old neighbour of mine at the garage this afternoon. In this meaning, it doesn't have any negative connotations: Run into somebody (rather informal): meet someone you know by chance. "Come upon" is marked "literary" or "formal" in modern dictionaries.
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I will compare "run into" and "come across" in the meaning of "to meet something or someone". It's never been an overly common expression, but I think it's probably used as much now as ever. I disagree that "come upon" is now uncommon. It's often used interchangeably with "come across" (the first sense). Come upon means to find a thing or (often) a situation during your course of events, somewhat similar to "run into" except usually referring to inanimate things or situations and without the implicit subcontext of physical travel: While reading Paradise Lost, I came upon the most amazing literary passage.Note that the phrase "come across" has a completely different sense where it also means "to be understood (perhaps wrongly)": I tried to tell her I was worried about her, but I'm afraid I came across as critical instead of concerned. Run into means to encounter someone (or something) during your normal course of events, often while physically traveling: I ran into Sally at the supermarket.Ĭome across means to find something (or someone) when you were not looking for him/her/it: I was cleaning out the garage when I came across my high school yearbook.
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They all mean "to encounter unexpectedly", but are used in different contexts: Relevant collocations are: article, reference, and script. And the most common adverbs are suddenly and finally, which are almost equally frequent, suggesting this is used both when you're searching and when you're not.Ībout as frequent as come upon is come across, the most common meaning of which is that you've physically travelled across something (e.g., a bridge), and there's also the meaning of how you are perceived (i.e., come across as), but in the sense suggested by this group of finding vocabulary, usually it's something your find while reading. The most common noun collocates are: scene, sight, and accident. The next item, come upon, is far less common than run into and is usually used when have physically moved into a situation or location. It also commonly means meeting a person unexpectedly. The most common noun collocates are: problem, trouble, wall, difficulty, opposition, resistance, and roadblock. When you run into something, it's likely to be metaphorical and those metaphorical encounters are usually negative. I had to expand it to clarify the context. Maybe I should've mentioned stumble upon too.īy the way, sorry about the length of the post.